Poland Oil and Gas Profile
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Introduction
- Oil represents less than one-quarter of Poland’s total primary energy supply (TPES), which remains dominated by indigenous sources of coal. Total oil demand is expected to grow moderately in the coming decade. The resulting need for expansion in both refinery and storage capacities – as well as the heavy reliance on imports of Russian crude oil – are among the main challenges facing Poland’s oil market.
Regulation
- The prices for liquid fuels depends on the prices of crude oil on the international markets, the rate of excise tax and fuel charge, as well as the exchange rate of zloty against USD and euro. The prices of liquid fuels are not regulated by the ERO President, neither by any other administrative body.
Upstream
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Active Companies
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Crude Oils
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Midstream
- Druzhba (Friendship) pipeline transports Russian crude oil to the Visegrad countries and to Western Europe. The pipeline splits in Belarus into northern and southern branches. The 1-million-barrel-per-day capacity northern branch brings oil to Poland and Germany.
- The pipelines belonging to PERN "Przyjazn" SA play an important link of the Central European oil system Druzba, which is considered one of the biggest in the world. The Polish stretch of the pipeline plays a significant role in export of Russian crude oil. Currently it carries about 30 pc of all crude exported by Russia. Only part of this oil remains in Poland for the use of Polish refineries. The remaining lot of oil flowing through the system reaches German recipients and Naftoport in Gdansk where it is loaded onto tanker-ships and transported further to the final recipients.
- The Yamal-Europe pipeline, which is routed through Belarus and Poland to Germany, is Russia's only natural gas export pipeline to Europe that does not cross Ukrainian territoty.
Downstream
- The wholesale sale of fuels is conducted in more than 80% by PKN Orlen SA and Lotos Group SA, which of these two are also the main producers of fuels and as the only ones in the country produce liquid fuels from crude oil.
- Retail turnover of petrol, diesel oil and auto-gas is generally done At petrol stations. There are around 7000 petrol stations operating throughout the country as well as about 5 900 auto-gas stations. Around 50% of all the gas stations belong to individual enterprises, and the rest are owned or operate under logos belonging to such retail companies as: PKN Orlen SA, Grupa Lotos SA, Shell, Statoil, BP, Lukoil, Neste and so on. The market for petrol stations located in the proximity of large hypermarkets is developing very dynamically, as well.
Relevant Links
- Energy Regulatory Office, Fuels
- EIA, Poland
- PERN "Przyjazn" SA, Crude Oil Logistics Company
- OLPP, Oil products Logistics Company
- Polish Organisation of Oil Industry and Trade (POPiHN)
- POPiHN 2009 Annual Report
page revision: 9, last edited: 02 May 2012 13:43
